January 16, 2015
During his trip around the world, occasioned by the 1910 International Eucharistic Congress in Montreal and his desire to explore mission possibilities for his Congregation, Fr. Leo John Dehon visited Canada and the United States. He sailed to New York; traveled south to Philadelphia, Baltimore, Washington, D.C.; southwest to Atlanta, Tuskegee, and New Orleans; north to St. Louis, Dubuque, and Chicago; east to Detroit; northeast to Niagara, Toronto, Montreal, and Quebec; west to Ottawa, Winnipeg, Wainwright, Edmonton, St. Albert, Calgary, and Vancouver; south to Seattle, San Francisco, Los Angeles, San Diego, and Tijuana; and back north to Los Angeles, Santa Catalina, Ventura, Oakland, Berkeley, and San Francisco, where he departed on ship to Asia.
“San Francisco is a Tower of Babel,” he wrote in his diary. “Half the residents are foreigners: Germans, Irish, French, in addition to Japanese, Chinese, Mexican, Filipino, Hawaiian, and others.” Everywhere he saw a mix of peoples. “Since 1822, the United States has welcomed 28 million immigrants. One of the biggest problems facing the United States is how to preserve a national identity when such an extraordinary variety of peoples from every corner of the globe are flooding its boarders each year.
“In general, North Americans are very hospitable. They include in their ranks the Anglo-Saxons, French, Germans, Italians, and Slavs. Their customs and ways influence each other, and they form one people among themselves. But there are races they don’t want to assimilate with because they consider them inferior and deserving of contempt because of their moral or physical stature; these are the races of color: the Black, the Yellow, and the Red. The Yankees allowed the Indians to grow weak and die out, they held the Negroes in a kind of servitude, and they blocked the Yellow race from entering their borders.”
Writing about the Chinese and the Japanese, “two prolific races that would gladly sweep like a tidal wave across the Pacific and flood the United States,” his comments need only a change in nationality to remain contemporary. “Their salaries are so low in Asia! It’s so much more prosperous in America! With regard to the Chinese the solution is quite easy, they are no longer allowed to immigrate except in very controlled numbers; however they have a way of infiltrating by way of Mexico and Canada. As for the Japanese, they are looked down upon and humiliated in the big cities of California, but they come anyway, because they find their fortune here.”
As he departed from San Francisco, his diary entry highlights the plight of immigrants who are unwanted except for their menial labor. “I am aboard the Chiyo Maru, a superb ship. It belongs to a joint American-Japanese company. The officers are American, the service staff is a mixture of Japanese and Chinese. Most of the passengers in First Class are Americans, while the Asians are in Third.”
Leo John Dehon, SCJ, from his diary while traveling in Canada and the United States
January 9, 2015
As a voluminous writer, Fr. Leo John Dehon earned the epithet, “The man who lived with pen in hand.” He kept a diary, wrote an account of his life, composed numerous newspaper articles, and authored social and spiritual works. For the computer literate, it is difficult to imagine that all this was originally written by hand. In addition, he carried on a vigorous personal correspondence, which he sometimes mentions in his diary, particularly at the turn of the year.
“Days taken up with letters, visits, and New Year’s cards,” he writes in January 1889. “It’s a chore. Some good can come of it. A good number of my former students have written to me; this reawakens their faith and gives me the opportunity to encourage them.”
He attempts to prioritize his time, even as he perceives his correspondence as a duty. “The first moments of 1893 are for God, for the Sacred Heart, for Mary, and for our Holy Patrons. I carry out my rightful obligations and I’ve received countless New Year’s wishes. I have fully 200 letters and 800 cards to respond to, not counting the visits. Many of the letters are quite cordial. They make my heart beat more lively at the memory of these good and pious acquaintances. Thank God everything is not trite and superficial in this bustle of the first days of the year.”
Dehon’s December 1901 diary entry notes, “During the final days of the year and in part of January I have many letters to write. It’s a duty imposed by custom, but one can hope to do some good with them.” In January 1903, having recently moved his residence from St. Quentin to Brussels, he acknowledges, “Letters and cards are coming to me from every direction. There is a conventional courtesy in this, but they are also genuine signs of affection and gratitude.”
The theme repeats itself during Christmastide of 1904. “These are beautiful feasts. Good wishes are coming to me from every direction. These are days when my correspondence increases to 50 and 60 letters. I wrote an endless number of letters during these feast days and the end of the year.” And two years later, his diary entry reads, “I am in Brussels where I am receiving New Year’s greetings from my spiritual sons. I am writing to our houses and my friends. I include some edifying words to my affectionate expression of best wishes.”
Personal correspondence was such a natural part of Dehon’s life that a few days before his death he scribbled a note to his assistant, Fr. Philippe, instructing him to send feast day greetings to a long-time acquaintance of Fr. Prévot, a member of the Congregation who had died twelve years earlier. It seems Fr. Dehon died with pen in hand.
December 19, 2014
“What vibrant memories, what deep impressions those two wonderful days of the 19th and 20th of December, 1868, have left with me,” Leo Dehon recalled as he reflected on his ordination to the priesthood. “I had made my retreat at Santa Chiara with Fr. Freyd. The morning of the 19th I was at St. John Lateran for the ordination.
“The sanctuary of St. John Lateran is indeed exceptionally suited for ordinations. There, upon those flagstones, since Constantine, thousands of bishops and hundreds of thousands of priests have received the holy oil and mostly at the hands of the successors of St. Peter himself. There indeed is the main source of the priesthood and the apostolate.
“We were two hundred candidates for Holy Orders, among whom were religious and secular clerics, of all nations and all dress: sons of St. Benedict, St. Francis, St. Dominic, and of twenty other religious families; Italian, French, English, German, Spanish clerics, and missionaries destined for the Orient, Africa, India, and Oceania.
“My good parents were behind me, shedding tears unceasingly. My father could not eat that day. The impressions produced by ordination could not possibly be put into words. I arose as a priest, possessed by Jesus, entirely taken up with him, of his love for his Father, of his zeal for souls, of his spirit of prayer and sacrifice.
“After the ordination, I went to remove my vestments and turning around, I found my mother on her knees before me to receive my first blessing. That was too much! I broke out in sobs and returned to the seminary escorted by my parents. I was worn out by emotions. My father was completely won over. He promised to receive communion the next morning at my First Mass.
“The day of the 20th was even more touching for me than that of the 19th. My First Mass was the Mass sung at the seminary. Fr. Freyd wanted to assist me—he always evinced a fatherly kindness towards me. Emotion was general and when my father and mother approached to receive Holy Communion, no one could hold back the tears. As for myself I was overwhelmed with love for our Lord and full of contempt for my puny person. It was the best day of my life. For a whole year, I was unable to celebrate Mass even once without tears.”
Fr. Leo John Dehon, SCJ, Notes on the History of My Life
December 12, 2014
The first temple and tabernacle in which the Word of God made Man reposed, in which he reigned with delight and joy, was the most pure bosom, the virginal heart, the Immaculate Heart of Mary. The Temple of Solomon, dedicated to the true God, was adorned in the most magnificent and richest manner; but this living temple of the Holy Spirit, which the Son of God chose as his place of abode, was still more magnificently adorned. The former was interiorly adorned with the purest gold, but in the Heart of Mary was found the gold of the purest and most perfect charity. The Temple had lamps and its perpetual fire; in the Heart of Mary the glowing lamps of her love burned night and day.
The doors of the temple were of incorruptible wood, the symbol of the purity that should be there; but with her who is called the Gate of Heaven, could anything impure or corruptible ever find entrance? No, not even the shadow of sin. From the first instant of her Immaculate Conception she radiated with the brilliancy of the purest holiness, purity, and perfection. Were not her virtues also pearls and most precious stones, the rarest metal, the most refined and pure gold? Were they not the emerald of hope, the topaz of faith, the ruby of holy and pure love, and the sapphire of constant contemplation of her God, her sovereign Good?
This mother of beautiful love was all love, holiness, and perfection; and her virtues adorned the House of God and of her Son, like rich ornaments of paintings, jewels, flowers, and perfumes. She was the living ark of the covenant where not only the tables of the Old Law reposed, but also the Lawgiver himself of the New Law, the law of love. Her heart and that of St. Joseph were like the seraphim which stood before this ark in adoration, reverence, and love.
Some saints, entranced with admiration and enthusiasm for the beauty, holiness, and amiability of Mary, called her a conqueror of hearts. The beauty, grace, and sweetness of her virtues first conquered the Heart of her God and caused him to take flesh and dwell within her. She understood that the possession of hearts, the return of love, was the wish of the Heart of her Son. She loved all that our Lord did and suffered for it.
For this reason Mary would like to inspire all hearts and bring them to love our Lord with a real love, with an undivided love. With the sweet force of her love, the power of her intercession, the tender solicitude of her maternal heart, this Mother of eternal love seeks to gain and conquer hearts for her Son. Did she not therefore cooperate in the work of reconciliation by the sacrifice of her divine Son?
Fr. Leo John Dehon, SCJ, “The Sacred Heart of Mary,” Spiritual Directory
December 5, 2014
“On December 5 [1923], the Holy Father signed the final approbation of our Constitutions,” Fr. Dehon wrote in his diary. “It is the end of forty-five years of efforts and of work amidst a thousand difficulties and contradictions.” The following May, he wrote to the members of the Congregation. “At last we have the satisfaction of being able to send you the text of our new Constitutions, definitively approved by the Vicar of Jesus Christ. We hope that all of you will have a copy of them by the end of June.”
In this letter, he emphasizes that “It is not enough to read our Constitutions superficially, the precious code of our religious obligations, but we should read them again and again without ceasing, study them with care so as to have thorough knowledge of their prescriptions, penetrate ourselves with their spirit, and direct our lives by them.
“We ourselves will work with our consultors at preparing a canonical and practical commentary on our Constitutions. We hope to complete it, at least in its major aspects, for the next General Chapter, to which we will submit it.
“You will notice that the first pages of the Constitutions on the purpose of the Work and its spirit have been adopted by the Holy See just as they were. It is indeed, then, in the name of the Church and consequently in the name of our Lord that we should walk our customary path: devotion to the Sacred Heart, zeal for his reign, the spirit of love, of reparation, and of immolation, regular adoration of the Blessed Sacrament, the interior life, and the practices recommended by our beloved Constitutions.
“We will read and re-read them as spiritual reading. Their observance will be our salvation at the same time that this will delight the divine Heart of Jesus. Let us beg the Sacred Heart to bless his Work, to forget all the faults committed thus far, and to send us good and faithful laborers to work for his reign. We pray him also to give you his richest blessings, and we recommend and consecrate anew our dear religious family to the Blessed Virgin, our mother and protector.”
Fr. Leo John Dehon, SCJ, Circular Letter 35
November 28, 2014
Likely, Fr. Leo John Dehon never considered retirement for himself or for the members of the Priests of the Sacred Heart. One hundred years ago, life expectancy was shorter and medicine was not as advanced. Still, Fr. Dehon remained active for 82 years while bearing the aging process in his own body and witnessing the frail health of some of the members of his community. In a 1902 diary entry, he records, “For the past two weeks I have had a sharp pain in my hand, which swells up and is very sensitive. I got this by trying to lift a piece of furniture.”
In 1905, he notes, “For the past year I’ve had a teary right eye caused by a narrowing of or an obstruction in the lacrimal canal. It was a nuisance; I always had to have a handkerchief in my hand, even during Mass. I tried eye lotions, to no avail. I went to the New Ophthalmic Institute in Namur. After lessening the sensitivity of my eye with cocaine, Dr. Bribosia made an initial probe, followed by injections on Tuesday morning; then he inserted a probe for two days. This was painful and quite uncomfortable.”
In the same year, the French government appropriated the property of the House of the Sacred Heart, but granted Fr. Dehon personal use of the gardener’s shed. “I was coughing up blood quite intensely,” he writes and then wonders, “Could this be a new attack of tuberculosis? Is it brought on by the dampness of my temporary shelter?”
In the midst of this government persecution, Fr. Dehon attended to the needs of Fr. Blancal, who at 79 years of age began failing. “He can hardly be moved, no longer saying holy Mass, received Extreme Unction again. On some days we expect him to die, and then he bounces back a little.” When living at the House of the Sacred Heart was no longer viable, Fr. Dehon writes, “I finally transported him to Fayet where he died quietly without suffering.” His concern for Fr. Blancal is notable since at the Fourth General Chapter this priest opposed Fr. Dehon’s leadership of the Congregation.
One of Fr. Dehon’s earliest and most cherished collaborators died at 62 years of age. “Our dear Fr. Rasset underwent the most frightful operation on his stomach. He wanted to risk the butchery of this operation in the hope of being able to work another ten years. The operation lasted two and a half hours. He required 300 stitches. After the operation he endured five days of terrible suffering, which he concealed. I spent the last day at his side. When the doctor reopened his stomach, he displayed a constant serenity and heroic strength.”
Today, Priests of the Sacred Heart plan for their retirement, which usually entails graciously stepping back from full-time ministry. Most often, however, it does not signal a complete break with a lifetime of serving people’s spiritual and material needs. Indeed, as life expectancy increases, retired Priests of the Sacred Heart can serve the graying population by modeling the art of embracing the aging process. Diminishment, and even infirmity, while often considered negatively, can be a powerful expression of oblation. By offering to God with love whatever the aging process brings, an individual releases the very human desire to control and relaxes into a new way of being with its particular set of graces and limitations.
At 72, when for health reasons he had to decline several invitations to preach retreats, Fr. Dehon wrote, “It hurts to be forced to refuse the exercise of the apostolate. I so much want to work for the reign of our Lord!” Like most dedicated ministers, he equated the apostolate with a flurry of activity. Perhaps the grace of our day is to discover that one of the exercises of the apostolate is a wholehearted welcome of the slow-paced, laughter-filled, and sober-eyed reality of aging.
November 21, 2014
We have already sent into God’s presence a vanguard of 50 religious. It is our best endowment. Death in the Sacred Heart is a happy one. All our dead have offered their lives for the reign of the Sacred Heart, for reparation, for the Society, and for the sanctification of consecrated souls, so dear to Our Lord.
The beloved Fr. Alphonse Rasset was my first companion, my assistant general, and one of the best advisors. He was present at my first vows, June 28, 1878, and became a postulant on that day. He shared in all my sufferings and he had his own. Crosses were abundant: political persecution, sufferings from illness, troubles in the family, and a thankless ministry at Marchais. He had done much missionary work. He was the confidential friend and counselor of many priests. He devoted himself to the Workers’ Guild. He died on November 4, 1905, after several years of sufferings and a very painful operation.
Another of our early members, whose saintly life has left us many most edifying memories, was Fr. Modeste Roth. He was as modest as his name. How regular, how humble, how devout, how obedient he was! He did everything well. He passed on to God on March 3, 1904.
Fr. Blancal was one of our consultors. Driven by force from his beloved House of the Sacred Heart [Editor’s note: because of the French government’s appropriation of the property], he went to Fayet to die as a true confessor of the faith. I saw him breathe his last, like that of Fr. Rasset. He died on December 1, 1905. His last words were these: “I die in the love of the Sacred Heart; I die in the peace of the Lord.” He was laid to rest in our vault with Frs. Rasset and Roth. These three priests have been zealous and saintly apostles who were esteemed and loved throughout the Diocese of Soissons.
My saintly assistant, Fr. André Prévot, died on November 26, 1913, at Brugelette. Opinion regarding him is unanimous: he was a saint. He lived by faith, sacrifice, and immolation. He had been Novice Master for twenty-three years. His perpetual smile indicated his peace of soul. He wrote the book, “Love, Peace, and Joy.” He lived by that spirit before he described it.
Several of our young members died in the novitiate or in the scholasticate. They have edified us greatly by their devotion, their patience, and their abandonment to the divine will—pious novices like Fr. Sanctus and Fr. Quentin. Our generous missionaries went to die gladly in Ecuador, Brazil, and the Congo. Seventeen have given their lives in the Congo. A saintly cardinal told me that the very fact of going there in the face of death merits a martyr’s palm in heaven.
The Sacred Heart has already given us a beautiful group of saintly souls who are the foundation of our Society. Truly, we have had some good priest-victims of the Sacred Heart.
Fr. Leo John Dehon, SCJ, compilation from his 39th Circular Letter and Daily Notes of 1913, 1916, 1919.
November 14, 2014
“The sea lifts one’s soul to God,” Leo Dehon wrote concerning his first sea voyage between Calais and Dover. After his second year of studying law in Paris, he was travelling to London where he would spend several months learning English. “Man feels so small, so dependent in the presence of the immense sky and waters, and in the face of perils against which he has no recourse but in Providence.”
After his third year in law school, he made a second trip to England, Scotland, and Ireland. While traveling through Scotland, he took a steamer and sailed along the Caledonian Canal. “It took us the whole night to cross the canal. How lovely are these northern evenings at the time of the solstice! It was June 21st. The sun finally disappeared under the horizon. At midnight we could still read on the bridge without lights. How this nocturnal trip lends itself to the imagination!”
However, on a return trip from the Inner Hebrides, his experience in a small boat was not so pleasant. “The wind was favorable. The boatmen expected to make the trip in two hours. It was 7 o’clock in the evening. We had two oarsmen. The wind began to change, contrary to our expectations. We had to lower the sails and take to the oars. I went to the helm to take control. It began to rain and what a rainfall! My three companions became seasick. We were now in the midst of a storm and the danger became serious. A steamer passed us; we hailed it but in vain. The two oarsmen and I took turns at the oars and the helm. It was a terrible night. Finally at four in the morning we disembarked on the rocks about one mile from our destination.”
Several years later, after successfully completing his doctorate in law, Leo had the opportunity to travel to the Orient. His father supported this adventure in the vain hope that his son would finally abandon his desire to become a priest. While traveling for two months in a light boat on the Nile, Leo Dehon again appreciated first-hand both the beauty and the danger of a large body of water. “The north wind lent us its wings,” he wrote, but it could also deliver a storm. “The river became turbulent and we became worried. Gales from the north caused high waves which rocked our boat. It was a terrible night.”
Traveling by boat to Latin America in 1906 to visit his missionaries, Fr. Leo John Dehon noted, “For many hours one lies on one’s folding chair and one dreams. I dreamed of the things of God. The ocean, I thought, is the heart of the earth. It receives all the rivers with their filth, and it sends it back as rain to fertilize all the earth with its purified water. One can see here a symbol of the Heart of Jesus, which receives all the rivers of our sins in the depths of reparation and expiation, and sends back to us all the currents of grace in order to distribute spiritual life, fertility, strength, and joy to all souls.”
While in Brazil, Fr. Dehon composed a series of meditations, which he entitled, Lessons on the Sea. In the introduction to this work he offered his reflections as “Pius readings for travelers and missionaries who undertake long voyages, and for people who spend a summer holiday at the ocean.”
Fr. Leo John Dehon, SCJ, Notes on the History of My Life,and Daily Notes, 1906
November 7, 2014
“Money worries from the beginning,” Fr. Dehon writes as he recalls the first year of the foundation of the Priests of the Sacred Heart. Thereafter, his diary is peppered with similar phrases, such as, “growing money problems,” “debts,” “great losses of money,” “huge money problems,” and “enormous money problems.” In addition to dealing with the growing pains of the Congregation, he had to deal with a contested will, a spurious lawsuit, and a retracted gift.
Even after selling and spending the securities and stocks from his father’s inheritance and selling a large property to his brother for 100,000 francs, he could write, “a day of money worries and agonizing fears. The due date for payment of the loan for the school is approaching and we’re out of resources.”
Many years later, writing about the construction of a church dedicated to the Heart of Jesus, Fr. Dehon notes, “Our project at Rome is somewhat fright inspiring. We need one million dollars in 1921 and a half a million in 1922 to construct merely the living quarters and the foundation of the church. We are borrowing from the bank. We are living in a time that is little favorable for soliciting funds; all of Europe suffers from the economic crisis.”
Yet, the generosity of donors was not lacking. “We had to reduce our temporal expenses; these weigh heavily on the Congregation and hold it back. However, St. Joseph did not forget us. In recent days we received a bequest of 8,000 francs from Mrs. Legrand for St. John’s High School; a similar sum for St. Clement’s School; 50,000 francs for St. Martin’s Church; and 10,000 francs for the house at Clairefontaine. Moreover, the generous gifts of Mrs. Agombart allow the Youth Center to be completely debt-free.”
Gratefully, Fr. Dehon noted in his diary that, “Miss Fontaine came to the aid of our ministry,” “The Scouvemont family gave me a handsome donation for the Congo mission,” and “Miss de Plinval is completely devoted to good works.” He also concerned himself with the well-being of his benefactors. “My principal benefactors, Mr. Arrachart and Mrs. Malézieux, have been gravely ill. Our Lord will take their sacrifices for the Congregation into account.”
Through it all, Fr. Dehon acknowledges, “My only recourse is in abandonment to our Lord, who gives me confidence on behalf of his Congregation. It is not my Congregation; it’s his. He will provide for its needs. This very evening he justified my confidence by his unexpected help. Lord, let us experience personal poverty, but give to your Congregation what is necessary so that it will develop well.”
Fr. Leo John Dehon, SCJ, selections from his Diary and Via Crucis
October 31, 2014
How intensely Jesus desired vocations! He had gone about through every town and village preaching in all the synagogues and healing the sick. He had seen the multitudes, without education, without direction. He had compassion for them. “They are like sheep without a shepherd,” he said. These crowds were indeed debased by moral and physical misery. And Jesus said to his disciples, “The harvest is plentiful, but the laborers are few; therefore ask the Lord of the harvest to send out laborers into his harvest” [Matthew 9:36-38].
Jesus loves children; he blesses them, and his blessing sows the seed of vocations. He gathers the children around him; he shows them that he is their friend. “Let the little children come to me,” he says to his apostles [Matthew 19:14]. A well-disposed young man comes to him. Jesus would have liked to make an apostle of him. “Go,” he tells him, “sell what you own, and give the money to the poor, and you will have treasure in heaven; then come, follow me.” The youth is wealthy, he resists grace, and Jesus is sad [cf. Mark 10:17-22].
One day our Lord called a little child to him and talked to him. He admired his guilelessness, his simplicity, and said to his disciples, “There is your model; be as simple as children.” Adding, “those who receive children in my name, receive me” [cf. Matthew 18:1-5]. What an encouragement for us to take care of children, to devote ourselves to their welfare, to seek and to foster vocations in pure and guileless hearts!
Before our Lord called twelve apostles, he wished to spend a long time in prayer. He withdrew to a mountain—one prays better in solitude—and passed the entire night in prayer [Luke 6:12-13]. What an example! How we must pray to obtain vocations and to make them fruitful! It was after this prayerful vigil that he chose his disciples and apostles.
It was after his long fast in the desert, after the trial of his temptations, that he called the elect among his apostles: Peter and Andrew, James and John. He sets before them at once the ideal of the apostolate. “Follow me, and I will make you fish for people” [cf. Matthew 4:18-22]. He does not say, “You shall be rich, honored, listened to.” He tells them, “You will bring people to God.” It is a vocation free from all entanglement—a pure vocation—that we must aim at inspiring in children and the young souls under our care.
Leo John Dehon, SCJ, Priestly Heart of Jesus, Fifteenth Meditation
October 24, 2014
In August of 1873, Fr. Leo Dehon, along with members of his St. Joseph Youth Center, joined a Workers’ Union pilgrimage to the shrine of Notre Dame de Liesse. Two months later, Dehon established a Catholic Workers’ Union for the older members of the Youth Center. A week later, the parish pastor blessed their banner.
The purpose of this Worker’s Union was to help the young men understand their rights and duties as laborers. Among other offerings, Fr. Dehon taught them a course in social economy. No doubt, this seminal experience shaped Fr. Dehon’s articulation of the need to empower the working class to obtain a living wage and humane working conditions. In 1894, with over 20 years of experience, Fr. Dehon published Christian Social Manual. The first part consists of a study on “Social Economy.” In the second part, which is a practical guide for establishing social works, he writes the following.
“We were feeling even at the beginning of this century that the world of work was experiencing a malaise. The problem has grown. We have been struck by the nation’s weakness in time of war and by the anarchical unrest which emerged at the time of the Paris Commune. We have sought a remedy.
“Corporations [Editor’s note: this term refers to unions] are the natural organs of social life. They have their well-defined place between families and higher levels of society such as cities, provinces, and kingdoms. They bring together people who have a common occupational interest. Their immediate purpose is temporal. In a Christian society, they are animated with a religious life by the confraternities with which they are linked.
“In the encyclical, Rerum Novarum, Leo XIII tells us, Mutual aid societies, providential and employer-sponsored works are excellent, and they help to relieve poverty and to reconcile social classes; but first priority goes to workers’ corporations which, in themselves, encompass almost all works!”
Objecting to the French government’s attempts to control any group over which the Catholic Church might have influence, Dehon insists, “We must act by going through every outlet which is open to us in order to bring the corporate ideal closer to realization, that ideal whose principal elements are autonomous and free association, grouping members of the same occupation with a view towards protecting the honor of the trade and occupational interests; with the right of ownership and jurisdiction supplemented by a religious bond and providential and aid-giving institutions, and participation in social and political life through public representation.
“The recent modification to the Guidelines for the Work [Editor’s note: written by the founders of the organization, Works of the Circles] tells us that we must understand the word, work, in its broadest sense, and that we could also very well call it the Organization of Catholic Workers’ Associations.
“We are building on the same foundations, including Catholic statements, the participation of workers in the internal government of the associations, and the commitment of the managerial class towards the workers.
“If we find a pastor or a Christian layman who is willing to establish an economic, corporate work, we do not say to him, ‘You absolutely must wait until you have a committee.’ We shall say to him, ‘If you are alone at the outset, begin alone; but as soon as you can, you will recruit some committee people to form, along with yourself, a committee of sponsorship for your work.’ Thus we will say to all people of good will, ‘Associate yourselves with the Works of the Circles’.”
October 17, 2014
“Margaret Mary must be very great in heaven,” Fr. Dehon noted in his diary on her feast day. “Who, next to Mary, Joseph, and St. John has better understood the Heart of Jesus, sounded its depth, shared its love, and alleviated its sadness? Is not this dear saint, like the Moses of the revelation of the Sacred Heart! I humbly ask her to help us, to obtain our pardon, so that we may give the Sacred Heart what He expects of us.”
Margaret Mary was a member of the Sisters of the Visitation, a religious community co-founded by Jane Frances de Chantal and Francis de Sales. “It is in the Heart of Jesus,” Francis de Sales wrote, “that the Sisters of the Visitation must make their continual contemplation.”
In researching examples of the practice of the interior life, Fr. Dehon recorded that Francis de Sales considered the prayer proper to the Visitation to be the prayer of simple regard, of simple repose and rest in God. Francis immediately adds, however, that this regard must be on “this beloved Heart.” He has each one of his spiritual daughters take the following resolution: “I shall appoint a certain time every day for this sacred sleep, in order that my soul, in imitation of the beloved disciple St. John, may in all safety sleep on the amiable breast, that is, in the loving Heart of the loving Savior.”
Fr. Dehon points out that this type of prayer is not oblivious to one’s neighbor. Francis de Sales wishes his spiritual daughters to consider the neighbor only in the Heart of Jesus, by looking at him through this sacred breast. “Therein,” he used to say, “who would not love him? Who would not bear with his faults? Yes, he is there, this dear neighbor, there in the Savior’s breast; he is so loved and so lovable that the Spouse dies out of love for him.”
It is within this spiritual practice that Margaret Mary experienced a series of revelations as she prayed before the Blessed Sacrament. She understood that Jesus was calling her to be an agent for raising consciousness concerning his loving heart and for promoting ways to express love in return.
In summary, Fr. Dehon writes, “The aim of souls consecrated to the Sacred Heart is to render to the Divine Heart of Jesus, under the auspices of the Immaculate Virgin, the adorations, praises, disinterested love, and special reparations which he himself asked of St. Margaret Mary in the great revelations at Paray-le-Monial; to propagate the cult of the Sacred Heart; to procure for him public homage; to erect sanctuaries and altars in his honor; to express our love and compassion in the outpouring of prayer and adoration of the Blessed Sacrament exposed upon our altars, to offer him our hearts immolated in the works, trials, and sacrifices of each day and in the ministries which call forth great devotedness and abnegation, such as the care of the working men, the poor, and the foreign missions.”
October 10, 2014
While on his trip around the world, Fr. Dehon visited the Field Museum of Natural History in Chicago. “The people of all parts of the world are represented here,” he entered in his diary, “as well as the ancient Indian tribes of America.” He admired carved wooden statues of the Eskimos; ancient red and gray vases from Hopi ruins; and feathered headdresses, baskets, iron hatchets, and snowshoes of the Apaches. Perhaps these artifacts heightened his awareness of these native peoples as he traveled across Canada and down the west coast of the United States.
While in Quebec, Fr. Dehon learned of the Hurons and the Metis. “These tribes are now Catholic and on certain feast days they wear their costumes that sparkle with beads, feathers, and tiny bells which can be heard from a distance. Their main occupations are hunting and fishing, and making trinkets which they sell to the tourists. They were a handsome and valiant race. In 1720, Fr. Charlevoix of St. Quentin wrote, ‘The Huron language combines a richness, power, and nobility that cannot be found among any of the most beautiful languages that we know, and those to whom it belongs have in their souls a loftiness more in harmony with the majesty of their language that with the sad state to which they have been reduced.’”
On the train to Calgary, he wrote, “We can see some Cree Indian reservations where they live lives of real poverty in their huts of bark with dry skins over the entrances. They have horses, and both men and women ride them with the agility of circus clowns.” In Seattle, he “saw a group of Indians, men and women in picturesque costumes, riding on horseback down a street. They were coming to town to sell some horses that they had raised.” Visiting an Indian camp ground in Los Angeles, Dehon noted, “The Indians are the same wherever you go: physically strong, with high cheek bones, their faces painted red and yellow, striking head dresses decorated with feathers and many-colored costumes like harlequins.”
Fr. Dehon’s brief encounter with Native Americans allowed only the usual exotic descriptions of these peoples. Yet, somewhere along the way, he comprehended their tragic history, writing, “The Anglo-Saxons relentlessly hunted down the people who owned the land and gradually these tribes disappeared. They slaughtered them. And most of all, they swindled them. The Indians were granted their own territories and little by little these were taken back from them. They were pushed off the land and overwhelmed by the rising flood of immigration. Deprived of their hunting grounds, confined to crowded reservations, tricked by businessmen, poisoned by the purveyors of alcohol, infected with diseases and vices by the merchants of progress, the Indians languish and are vanishing. In general, they were noble races. They walked straight and proud, they were strong, skilled as horsemen, and brave hunters.”
Ten years after Fr. Dehon recorded these words in his diary, the Priests of the Sacred Heart from the German Province began ministering to the Lakota people in Lower Brule, South Dakota, and soon after established St. Joseph’s Indian School in Chamberlain, South Dakota. These ministries proved to be the beginning of the establishment and growth of the United States Province of the Priests of the Sacred Heart.
October 3, 2014
“I see some good priests who seem to expect that a renewal will come about by a bolt from heaven or through some extraordinary personality in France or Italy,” Fr. Dehon notes in his diary while spending several weeks in Rome. His comment was occasioned by what he perceived to be a decline of morality, empty churches, and people insulting priests on the streets of Rome. “I do not believe that it is good to entertain this vague hope,” he continues. “What’s needed is to make an effort, to struggle, to go to the people and act as if everything depended on us. Only then will God help us and do what He knows how to do.”
Seven years earlier, in the midst of a growing anti-Catholic political climate, Fr. Dehon initiated an apostolate of visibility in St. Quentin, France. Two of the first members of the Priests of the Sacred Heart, Frs. Rasset and Charcosset, walked through the neighborhoods every Friday dressed in their cassocks. Initially, this unusual site garnered derisive jeers, but it didn’t take long for their kindness to elicit respectful greetings.
Because the Priests of the Sacred Heart began as a diocesan institution, local needs were the first priority. In addition to staffing St. John’s High School, the first members of the community served as pastors, worked at an institution for persons who are deaf, and preached retreats, parish missions, and Lenten programs throughout the diocese.
Fr. Dehon cherished his priestly ministry. On his 25th anniversary of priesthood he noted, “There were about nine thousand Masses celebrated, a hundred thousand Confessions heard, two hundred thousand Communions distributed, fifteen hundred Baptisms administered, three hundred sick prepared for death, two hundred marriages blessed, five hundred first communicants catechized. At least two thousand times I preached the Word of God.”
Although impressive, his sacramental ministry alone could not define his priesthood. He wrote, “The priest belongs in the sacristy is the slogan of a modern heresy and a kind of social atheism. Christ exerts his influence through his Church. The clergy have to learn about economic issues and the problems of social science. Because they have neglected this for so long, they have allowed society to go to the dogs. Our seminaries have to offer courses in social and political economics.”
The fruit of such thinking resulted in the successful work of Fr. Charcosset, as a chaplain in the textile factory in Val-des-Bois, France. A few years later, Fr. Dehon sent several priests to work in the textile plants in Camarigibe, Brazil. Fr. Dehon’s vision of ministry was simply to “go to the people”—where they live and where they work—in addition to where they worship.
September 26, 2014
The Society of St. Vincent de Paul, whose members “strive to grow spiritually by offering person-to person service to individuals in need,” began in Paris, in 1833, with Frederic Ozanam and a group of his friends. Leo Dehon’s early association with this organization broadened his experience of the world and led him to assert, “Christian charity is well-served by the Society of St. Vincent de Paul. You can see there the true spirit of the Gospel in its fulfillment of the works of mercy. This charitable organization is a grace in our century.”
Leo’s mother “had founded and maintained for thirty years the Society of St. Joseph, a society of charity of the ladies of La Capelle.” Her example, no doubt, influenced his decision to join the St. Vincent de Paul Society in his first year of high school. “For a long time I was its treasurer. I also owe much to these fine meetings. They went to my heart which was by nature compassionate.”
As a 17-year-old student in Paris, he continued his association with the St. Vincent de Paul Society. In the neighborhood around Mouffetard, “which was overcrowded, rundown, infested with disease, and overflowing with physical and moral depravity,” and “where poverty was positively hideous,” he had been given responsibility for “two old men who were living in an attic hovel, devoid of everything, where I couldn’t even stand up straight.”
When the young, well-dressed Dehon made his way through this area, the taunts directed at him fostered an awareness of the gulf separating the social classes. He experienced firsthand the intense hatred which the wretchedly poor harbored for the middle class to which he belonged. This district of Paris taught him about some of the problems of 19th century society as it experienced industrialization and increasing poverty.
Later, as a priest in the factory town of St. Quentin, he remembered his experiences in Paris and got in touch with the local conference of the St. Vincent de Paul Society. Because of the tireless service of its members, he discovered how life was really lived by the ordinary worker in St. Quentin. Although charity was necessary, he began to see that it was not enough. The underprivileged had the right to social justice. Quite possibly, the St. Vincent de Paul Society opened the eyes and heart of this privileged, middle class man, seemingly destined for intellectual pursuits, and redirected his energies to a lifetime of social action.
September 19, 2014
Because Fr. Leo John Dehon’s personal inclinations and academic training pointed to a ministry in education, he, along with his friends and mentors, found his first assignment as a priest a bit incongruous. His bishop appointed him as the seventh associate pastor at the Basilica in St. Quentin, a parish of 30,000 people, mostly factory workers. Men, women, and even children worked 12-hour days, often in dangerous working conditions, which left little time for family and less interest in the practice of their faith.
Besides the pastoral duties shared by all the priests at the Basilica, the pastor gave Dehon the particular responsibility of teaching catechism in the primary State schools. In the first year at the parish, Fr. Dehon prepared about 100 boys for their First Communion. He soon realized, however, that this instruction was not sufficiently helping these boys, mostly from deprived backgrounds, to develop into mature Christians.
Dehon quickly assessed the need for a place where boys and teenagers could gather outside of school or work for fun and personal betterment. In his first of several major projects in St. Quentin, Fr. Dehon established St. Joseph’s Youth Center. He began by inviting a few boys to join him in his office on Sunday afternoons. Soon he negotiated the use of the yard of a small boarding school, and finally, the pastor rented a building for Dehon to use.
Raising funds from merchants, factory owners, and city officials, Fr. Dehon articulated clearly what he hoped to accomplish. “Allow me first of all to remind you briefly of our aim,” he said. “Many people misunderstand me on this point and think that we have no other motive than to give a few children some honest entertainment on Sundays. We have much higher ambitions. Our aim is the salvation of society by a Christian organization.”
The youth center provided opportunities not only for games and socializing, but also for continuing education with conferences, remedial courses, and a lending library. In addition to a chapel, the center included a savings bank, lodging for young workers, and an employment agency. Soon over 500 young men were coming to St. Joseph’s Youth Center.
Yves Ledure, SCJ, in his short biography of Fr. Dehon notes, “He was developing an educational project of much wider implications involving the human and Christian formation of the youth. He saw it as a pastoral ministry which allowed him to reach out to the workers.” Perhaps Fr. Dehon’s first assignment to a huge parish in a factory town was not so incongruous after all.
September 12, 2014
“I began the Congregation and St. John Institute in July 1877,” Fr. Leo John Dehon wrote in a short manuscript which he entitled, Via Crucis [Way of the Cross]. “I was taking a heavy cross on my shoulders. Money worries from the beginning. My father is unhappy with my change of direction. He had been dreaming of something else for me. Part of the city is withdrawing from me: the friends of the public school and some of the renters. My health has been quite shaky since winter. I have been coughing up blood since the month of May and more violently in September.”
In his Notes on the History of My Life, Dehon records, “We were able to occupy the House of the Sacred Heart [the first Novitiate] and celebrate Holy Mass on September 14, [1878], the day of the Exaltation of the Holy Cross. Divine Providence has some enlightening coincidences. Was it not necessary that a work of reparation be founded on the cross?” Throughout the years on this date, Fr. Dehon often took the occasion to reflect on his embrace of the cross.
“After ten years of trials, the most painful one is dryness [in prayer] and the violent temptations I’ve suffered for a year. My health is ruined. I have a sour stomach all the time. My family inheritance is ruined. I have sold and spent the securities and stocks from my father’s inheritance. I had to sell my large property to my brother for 100,000 francs.”
“It is now 36 years that this House of the Sacred Heart has been founded on the cross,” Fr. Dehon wrote in his Daily Notes. “How many times have I suffered in all sorts of ways because of it. Humiliations, illnesses, poverty, oppositions; then persecutions, expulsions, and today the war [World War I]! I have many of my spiritual sons in the two camps, at least 60. A few dead and numerous wounded in the fields. The war will leave us with enormous money problems. Fiat! [“Let it be!”]
“But I have also experienced many tangible graces, in the beginning especially, and so many undertakings have originated here and have been blessed by Providence. I give thanks to God for all these crosses which are graces of purification and redemption. Crosses are God’s acceptance of my vow of victimhood. “May I never boast of anything but the cross of our Lord Jesus Christ!” [Galatians 6:14]
Excerpts from Via Crucis, Notes on the History of My Life, and Daily Notes
September 5, 2014
At the heart of the whole educational process are the dynamics of the teacher-student relationship. Fr. Dehon posed this question: “What should our guidelines be if we are going to nurture their innate tendencies towards goodness? What is the dominant thought or principle that will encourage the child in his work and the performance of his duties and in the pursuit of virtue?” He goes on to list several possible means that might motivate a student to work.
First of all, there is fear. That’s not a totally bad thing, and in any case it can never be completely eliminated from the educational process. However, to make it the pupil’s principal motivation, particularly in the beginning, would lead him to distrust the teacher and even school itself. He would construct a façade to placate the authority figures, but his true self would never emerge because of the threat of being punished. Ultimately, fear is a very destructive motivator.
Secondly, Fr. Dehon mentions honor and shame as motivations. These emotions, too, will always be inherent in education—if you do well and receive awards, you are honored, and if you do poorly, you are embarrassed and ashamed. But, he said, these are not really Christian principles of education. The quest for honors encourages vanity and it often rewards the mere appearance of virtue, while gaining honors leads some students to a false sense of superiority and smugness.
Thirdly, he mentions love and affection as motivations for the student to excel. Parents most often endorse this approach and they tell teachers that their child will do his work and will respond best to those who love him. And Fr. Dehon does not disagree with this. But he asks, “Is this sentiment always enough? It is very effective with younger children, but when students enter puberty their need for independence and their own confused emotions make them less responsive to the solicitous affection of adults.”
Fr. Dehon believed that the effects of education would be most enduring and persuasive when they were solidly grounded on Christian principles. He said that communicating Christian truths by word and example is the first step to changing the hearts and minds of individuals, and this is the necessary prelude to bring about a more just and humane world.
Fr. Dehon believed that the formation of character meant training students so that they could make good choices on their own; if they were trained to be puppets, they would fall flat on their face once the strings binding them to the school had been cut. One of his favorite sayings was, “You turn boys into men not by constraining them but by inspiring them.”
Paul J. McGuire, SCJ, Father Dehon: the Educator
August 29, 2014
The most striking fact concerning the condition of the working class is that workers are, for the most part, experiencing conditions of misfortune and unearned misery, as Pope Leo XIII says. Despite a certain amount of superficial progress, the worker is, in many places, less happy than formerly; his needs have grown more than his resources have, if in fact, the latter have not diminished.
At the same time, the workers see immense wealth accumulating in a small number of hands; and Leo XIII does not hesitate to list among the present evils “the monopoly of work and of the productiveness of commerce, which has been acquired by a small number of the wealthy who thereby impose an almost servile yoke upon the working class” [Rerum novarum].
This imbalance leads to poverty with its inevitable consequences: ignorance, vice, temptations to crime, illnesses. Thus, things are going badly. But wealth is not something which is removed from human control like the rain and the rays of the sun. Money circulates by passing through human hands, and people have a moral experience regulated by higher laws. The effect of wealth is felt through the operation of institutions established by men.
Thus the actions of individuals are involved. If things are going badly, it is in large part because people are behaving badly. If each person who earns, accumulates, and distributes wealth were to fulfill his duties of justice and charity towards others, then things would be ideal. On the other hand, if the same people ignore their duties towards their fellow men and if public laws promote such behavior or make social justice almost impossible, then things will go badly, and from bad to worse. The question of wealth is thus dependent on the question of morality.
Renowned politicians and sages have asserted that the social question is insolvable. Such a theory is very convenient because it accords to those who accept it, ispo facto, the right to do nothing. It exempts them from a difficult and costly responsibility.
No! Those laws are not inevitable. There is a force within Christian morality which can prevent their evil effects; and the free will which has established evil institutions can, through different laws, restore order, peace, and fraternal harmony to human relationships.
“Introduction: The Social Question,” Christian Social Manual
August 22, 2014
In the summer of 1877, Fr. Leo Dehon negotiated the purchase of the building of a boy’s boarding school. The owner of the school invited Fr. Dehon to address the last graduating class before the institution became St. John’s High School in the fall of that same year. The following are excerpts from that speech.
We come before you as educational advocates. We fully realize the importance of the work that we are undertaking. We fully understand our responsibility towards parents who entrust to us what they hold most dear, towards the society from which we shall train a few selected members, and towards God, who loves childhood so much and who wishes to see it treated with the utmost respect.
Christian education does not neglect the importance of physical development. It is concerned with hygiene and exercise. It regards the letters and sciences as essential in developing the most fundamental faculties of the mind; it fosters judgment through philosophy and history, taste through knowledge of literary and artistic models, conscious decision-making and integrity through religion, and manners and temperament through the polite civilities customary in well-bred society. To raise a Christian involves not merely imparting concepts of human knowledge which will help him to do well in life. It involves not merely imparting good manners or profound knowledge or in making him into a person who has the ability and desire to become involved in the progress of the human race.
It also, and above all, involves forming a great and noble character, purity of morals, the masculine virtues. It involves fostering the growth in his soul of the faith which opens up the invisible world to understanding, the hope which fortifies the heart through the expectation of deserved happiness, and the love which renders God tangible amidst the cold shadows of life. To raise a Christian is also to raise a person of generosity, a person of sacrifice and commitment, a person who has thrown off the yoke of egotism. Whatever career he may embrace one day–priest, soldier, farmer, industrialist, or judge, the disciple of Christian education will bring to it that ardent and profound conviction that he has a regenerative influence to exercise in terms of word and example.
Everything that God has given him in terms of talent or genius, everything which education has imparted to him in terms of intellectual and moral strengths; all of this will not only serve him in doing credit to this life; it will also be the instrument of the good which he must do. In the position in life which Providence has accorded him, he will be the missionary of virtue and the living image of Jesus Christ. Such is the purpose of Christian education. Such is our purpose.
There are certainly many new ideas of which Christian educators had not dreamed. We do not intend, in preserving the substance of the great method of our ancestors, to reject improvements and modifications with which time and experience have provided us. The progress of the sciences demands that they be given a more important place in education. History, enriched by oriental discoveries and by the study of sources, must be taught more comprehensively.
Since the Latin language is no longer the language of law, medicine and philosophy as it formerly was, it is no longer essential to know how to write it and speak it; it is sufficient to be able to understand its masterpieces. The case of communication with other nations imposes on us the need to know the living languages. The development of industry has given rise to a new system of studies, which occupies a middle ground between primary education and the humanities. The growing use of engraving provides a new resource for enhancing the appeal and usefulness of our academic books.
We have no intention at all of scorning these changes which are imposing themselves and of neglecting the progress which is being made. We shall amplify the common framework of existing programs by ennobling them through means appropriate to Christian education and by making them as complete as the rapidity of present-day change allows.
Leo John Dehon, SCJ, On Christian Education—Purpose, Methods, Fruits
August 15, 2014
“It was fidelity to the Rule and to duty that raised St. John Berchmans and many others to a great glory in heaven without having accomplished any brilliant feat in the eyes of the world,” wrote Fr. Dehon in his Spiritual Directory, “for it is the heart, the will, and the intention that have value in the eyes of God, and that merit a reward.”
Born in 1599, the eldest son of a master shoemaker in Flanders, John Berchmans’ youthful interests focused on theater and priesthood. He acted in mystery plays throughout his short life. When he turned thirteen, his father decided that John had to leave school so that he could support the family. Working as servant to a Cathedral priest, however, enabled John to attend seminary classes and continue acting in his free time.
Although his father opposed the idea, John eventually entered the Jesuit novitiate. As a novice, he kept notes of his developing spirituality, which he summarized by his maxims, “Prize little things most of all” and “My penance is to live an ordinary life.”
After professing vows, he studied in Rome for three years. Unfortunately, soon after he completed his course in philosophy and defended his thesis in a public debate, he became ill and died in 1621, at the age of 22. The Church canonized John Berchmans in 1888, just ten years after the founding of the Priests of the Sacred Heart. His feast day is August 13.
Fr. Dehon chose this youthful saint as a model for young religious. “What raised St. John Berchmans to sanctity was the fact that he did everything, even the most common things, in a non-common manner, from supernatural motives, in the spirit of living faith, from pure love of God, with the purest intention, in the presence of God, and in close and uninterrupted union with our Lord. In this way he became a splendid example for us.
“His life, so short and nevertheless so rich in virtues and merits, rose to the throne of God as a pleasing holocaust of the faithful fulfillment of duty and of pure and generous love. He is a model for all those who are preparing for the sublime dignity of the priesthood, as well as for all who have received the great happiness of being called to religious life. What gratitude his vocation inspired! What esteem and love he had for it! With what love and filial abandonment he was attached to his holy Order! He understood these words addressed one day by our Lord to his apostles: “You have not chosen me, but I have chosen you” [John 15:16].
August 8, 2014
During July and August of 1925, there was an epidemic of gastro-enteritis in Brussels and Fr. Dehon contracted the malady. His general condition was such that his physicians expected him to recover. On Sunday night, August 9, he suffered another attack, together with an impairment of his heart. On Monday, he provided flowers, greetings, and a present for his assistant’s feast day.
Fr. Philippe informed him on Tuesday morning that the doctors believed his life was drawing to a close and recommended the reception of Extreme Unction. “Yes, yes, with pleasure,” Fr. Dehon replied. He also wanted to renew his vows. He asked for his crucifix and renewed the vows of poverty, chastity, and obedience, to which he added, “and immolation.” He repeated the renewal several times and then exclaimed, “I give myself completely.
Referring to all his acquaintances, the members of the Congregation, the Sister-Servants, the Sister-Victims, his niece, cousins and nephews, and all his friends, he said, “Tell them that at this moment I am thinking of them all.” Then he asked God and man to forgive him for his sins and imperfections.
Fr. Philippe, in the name of the members of the Congregation, begged his pardon for the sorrow they might have caused him and asked his blessing. At once Fr. Dehon extended his arms and in a strong voice pronounced the words, “May the blessing of almighty God, Father, Son, and Holy Spirit, descend upon you and remain forever, remain forever, remain forever.”
That same day, he asked Fr. Philippe to write a letter to an old acquaintance of Fr. Prevot who was to celebrate her feast the following day. In the evening, he asked a Brother to bring him a rosary from his desk. Fr. Dehon blessed it and gave it to the Brother to keep and said, “Very soon I shall be greeting your father in heaven.
On Wednesday morning, he began to suffer from severe chest congestion, which indicated that death was near. “I have so much pain,” he sighed, holding his hand over his heart. Shortly before he expired, Fr. Dehon pointed to a statue of the Sacred Heart and said clearly, “For him I live and for him I die.” He died at about ten minutes after twelve on Wednesday, August 12, 1925.
Seven days later, at the funeral service held at the basilica, Bishop Binet eulogized Fr. Dehon as citizen and priest. “What a prominent place this city of St. Quentin had in the life of the octogenarian, of the great French citizen, of the excellent priest whom we mourn! He came from La Capelle with a vast accumulation of knowledge seldom found in a young priest. But like all good priests, he did not shut himself up in the ivory tower of his intellectual superiority, but threw himself wholeheartedly into work, especially among laborers.
“What matter of importance was undertaken in the field of religion at St. Quentin for twenty years without Fr. Dehon having his hand and also his heart in it? In his case, the man of action was never at odds with the man of learning. I wonder whether Leo XIII’s encyclical, Rerum Novarum, ever knew a more zealous apostle.
“But Fr. Dehon’s best loved undertaking was undoubtedly St. John’s College. With how much veneration, how much warmth and pious respect Fr. Dehon’s former pupils speak of him. Must one not be very great of heart to merit so much love?”
Henry Dorresteijn, SCJ, Leo John Dehon, Priest of the Sacred Heart
August 1, 2014
Reflecting on his early childhood, Fr. Dehon recalled that he liked to set up altars and decorate them with summer flowers. This naturally led to another interest. “I soon took a liking for gardening,” he wrote, and derived great pleasure, not only from his own garden, but also from the variety of trees and flowers he encountered throughout his travels.
When World War I confined Dehon to the House of the Sacred Heart in San Quentin, he had more time to work in and reflect on his garden. “Even in winter,” he muses, “my garden is still delightful; its many evergreen shrubs are reminiscent of gardens in the South. Its extensive ivy covers the entire far end. There are green laurels, Mediterranean shrubs, twin boxwood trees, firs, cedars, a lovely blue spruce, green and colored curly holly, and plum trees. Yew trees are standing guard in large pots.” Although he admires the winter look, he clearly anticipates spring.
In March, pansies and violets, “sentimental and symbolic flowers,” are among those first to appear in his garden. “White and pink lilacs give fragrance to our small bouquets,” with which he adorned the chapel. He delights in the “many irises—white, mauve, and multi-colored,” that remind him of Japan.
Admiring his fruit trees—plums, cherries, pears, and apples—covered in blossoms, Fr. Dehon reflects, “Plant life, like man himself, has its bloom of youth. After several days of blossoming, the fruit begins to take shape, and the allure of spring has faded. The fruit will come—at least if there is not a late frost or too much sun or rain. What a lesson for us! Many trees blossom luxuriantly, but they produce little fruit. Similarly with us—adolescence gives rise to great hopes, but the passions arise and prevent the fruit from coming to maturity.”
“In May,” he writes, “the ornamental roses have grown to cover the side of the house. The rhododendrons remind me of the Orient and the Alps. My garden is a delight.” The month of June keeps him anticipating the appearance of “the lily, gladiola, phlox, dahlia, and begonia.”
“What marvels the divine artist has planted on earth for our pleasure and relaxation. The Canticle of Daniel sums up these divine gifts in two words: ‘Everything growing on the earth, bless the Lord!’ [Daniel 3:76]. Our Lord directed his apostles to admire them: See the lilies (the word in Hebrew means flowers], they are growing with God’s blessing and their radiant colors surpass the brilliance of Solomon’s glory” [cf. Luke 12:27].
Leo John Dehon, Daily Notes, June 1915
July 25, 2014
I paid a visit to Dr. Kelly, the affable director of the Catholic Church Extension Society. It’s a new apostolate full of promise. It was founded in 1905. Dr. Kelly combines the qualities of a perfect gentleman with the zeal of an apostle. This society has its counterparts in Europe: the St. Francis de Sales Society in France and the St. Boniface Society in Germany, whose goal is to spread the faith within their own lands.
Naturally in America, it is run the American way. Its headquarters is located in one of the finest buildings in Chicago overlooking a park. Inside its offices you find all the modern means of communication: telephones, stenographers, typewriters. It is truly a center of the American apostolate.
The purpose of the Society is to build churches and schools for the Catholic immigrants who are flocking to the United States at the rate of six or seven hundred thousand per year. If these new arrivals can be helped to preserve their faith, it seems certain that half of the population of the country will be Catholic in 25 or 30 years. A quarterly journal, Extension, informs its readers of its needs. Its current resources are about six thousand dollars a month.
The Society has its own Pullman car which serves as a chapel on wheels and it goes all throughout the country bringing missionaries to carry out their work. American railroad companies transport the car free of charge. Everyone going to the Eucharistic Congress in Montreal, including the Cardinal delegate, visited the chapel-car in the station. I had the pleasure of riding in it from Chicago to Detroit.
Leo John Dehon, Daily Notes, from the account of his trip around the world [1910-1911].
July 18, 2014
Mary Magdalene knows neither fear nor hesitation. She is at the foot of the cross with the Blessed Virgin and St. John. Carrying the winding-sheet and the perfumes, she buries Jesus. The great Sabbath keeps her away from the sepulcher, but she returns to it as early as possible after the Sabbath. She seeks her crucified Jesus.
Mary Magdalene and the holy women are models for us in seeking Jesus. Let us always seek him; let us seek him everywhere. Let us seek him, not merely to enjoy his presence, to receive gratuitous and extraordinary graces from him, but let us seek him in order to understand his love, to imitate his example, to immolate ourselves with him. The angel said to the holy women, “Fear not, you seek Jesus crucified.” Neither have we anything more to fear. If we seek Jesus crucified we cannot deceive ourselves.
“Do not touch me,” says Jesus. He demands pure love, disinterested love. He wishes that we accept aridity, and that in seeking him we may learn how to do without the sweetness of his presence. Let us seek Jesus with the eager love of Mary Magdalene. We cannot always be near him in prayer. Let us learn, too, how to serve him in the person of his followers. Jesus said to Mary Magdalene, “Go to my brothers and say to them, ‘I ascend to my Father and to your Father, to my God and your God’” [John 20:17].
Let us seek Jesus faithfully and let us nevermore abandon him, neither through fear nor discouragement; neither because of our past life, nor because of present temptations or persecutions.
Leo John Dehon, Spiritual Directory
July 11, 2014
“For the past century we have had devout people who prayed like Moses on the mountain,” Fr. Leo John Dehon wrote in a Catholic newspaper article, but went on to suggest, “valiant people who fight like Joshua on the plain must be added.” Dehon was attempting to enlist lay people in the struggle for social justice. In agreement with Pope Leo XIII, he envisioned the Third Order of St. Francis as an organization of people who could fight as well as pray.
In another Catholic newspaper, Dehon sounded the same theme. “Leo XIII is a passionate lover of Francis of Assisi. Many times he has tried to direct all zealous Catholics, all Catholics who are ardent supporters of social reform, toward the seraphic patriarch. The Third Order, he tells us, is the solution par excellence to the present social malaise. It includes all the necessary elements for reform. The malaise is the result of a weakening of the Christian spirit. The principal factors in the present social disorder are egoism and the passion for wealth.
“If you put a few groups of true Tertiaries in our cities, they will be the salt of the earth, the lightning rod against the storms of social conflict. They will spread a leaven of charity, justice, and solidarity throughout social life.
“Have you not read the last letter which the Pope sent to the Franciscans and which was reprinted in the newspapers? The Pope returns again to the social mission of St. Francis and his Order. He recalls that the 12th century resembled our own, a century of great commercial development, but also a century of civil troubles, religious relaxation, passion for wealth, and oppression of the weak by the powerful. God sent Francis of Assisi, who re-established social peace through the institution of the Third Order, by bringing about a re-birth of simplicity of mores and vitality of faith and by bringing the strength of unity and solidarity to the oppressed, in order to curb feudal abuses and the canker of usury.
“We in France were accustomed to regarding the Third Order as a purely devotional association. This idea must be revised. What Leo XIII desires, and what conforms to the true spirit of the Third Order, is that there be brotherhoods of young and active people like those who, in the 13th century, contributed so much to the uplifting of the masses and the development of guilds and communes. Purely private and personal Christianity is a false, or at least seriously incomplete, Christianity. We must be social Christians who bring about the reign of Christ in social life as in private life; and the Third Order must assist in this.”
Leo John Dehon writing in La Chronique du Sud-Est, November 1898, and La Democratie Chretienne, October 1900.
July 4, 2014
The Priestly Heart of Jesus dearly loved his native land. He relished and faithfully fulfilled his civic duties and invited us to do the same. Jesus loved Nazareth. He tried to win its affection. When repulsed by its inhabitants, he did not curse the town [Mark 6:1-4]. He loved Capernaum which he had adopted as his residence and where he exercised his first ministry. He showed favors upon it and wept over its ingratitude [Luke 4:23; 10:15].
How tenderly he loved Jerusalem! When he was coming down from Bethany, he stopped on the slopes of the Mount of Olives and wept as he gazed at the ungrateful city which was about to undergo the severest siege recorded in history, and at the beautiful temple which was to be inevitably destroyed [Luke 19:41-44]. Jesus explicitly teaches us to fulfill our civic and political duty. “Render to Caesar the things that are Caesar’s” [Matthew 22:15-22]. Pay your taxes like anybody else [cf. Matthew 17:24-27].
St. Paul comments on Jesus’ words: “Let every person be subject to the governing authorities; for there is no authority except from God, and those authorities that exist have been instituted by God. Therefore whoever resists authority resists what God has appointed…for it is God’s servant for your good…For the same reason you also pay taxes…Pay to all what is due them—taxes to whom taxes are due, revenue to whom revenue is due, honor to whom honor is due” [Romans 13:1-2, 4, 6, 7].
There is, of course, one exception, the case where civic authority commands what is openly contrary to the law of God: “We must obey God rather than any human authority” [Acts 5:29]. Let us then be good citizens, devoted to our country and to all its interests, moral and material.
Leo John Dehon, Priestly Heart of Jesus, 26th Meditation
June 27, 2014
“I leave you the most wonderful of treasures,” Fr. Dehon wrote in his Spiritual Testament, “the Heart of Jesus.” He could think of nothing more precious to pass on to his spiritual sons. “As much as I can,” he continues, “I confide all of you to the Heart of Jesus. I recommend you to his mercy. I address to him this prayer which he addressed to his Father in behalf of his disciples, ‘My Father, keep those whom you have given me’.”
Unlike a treasure that is carefully preserved and seldom handled, however, the Heart of Jesus is intended for the realities of daily life and the foibles of the human condition. Fr. Dehon writes, “Like St. John, my master and model, I say to all of you, ‘Love one another as Jesus Christ has loved you.’ I beg of you, by all the affection I have for you and by the affection you have manifested to me, that you act in such a manner that holy charity may ever reign among you. Never offer a word of criticism or of bitterness against another among you.”
As founder of a religious community of men, Fr. Dehon would not have had to say that if the members perfectly loved one another. But far more than a criticism, this reality is the starting point of a faith-filled life. In their Rule of Life, the Priests of the Sacred Heart state, “Our community life is the fullest realization of our Christian life—we let ourselves be permeated with the love of Christ.
“Imperfect, certainly, like all Christians we want however to set up a milieu which is favorable to the spiritual progress of each one. How else to attain this, if not by deepening in the Lord even our most ordinary relationships with each of our brothers? Charity must be an active hope for what others can become with the help of our fraternal support.
“The mark of its genuineness will be the simple way with which all strive to understand what each one has at heart. Through fellowship even above and beyond conflicts, and through mutual forgiveness, we would like to be a sign that the fraternity for which people thirst is possible in Jesus Christ and we would like to be its servants.” [Rule of Life #63-65]
In other words, the most wonderful of treasures is meant to transform the world. Allowing oneself to be permeated with the love of Christ, and consequently being a sign of the communal relationship for which people thirst, is the only appropriate way to celebrate the Solemnity of the Heart of Jesus.
June 20, 2014
“I have greatly desired to eat this Passover with you” [Luke 22:15]. During his whole life Jesus hungered and thirsted for this day of the Passover. He wished to reveal this source of life, to begin this intimacy with us.
The Eucharist was the source of all the gifts his Heart was offering us. It is not only a special gift, a particular favor which this generous Heart bestows upon souls he loves, but we have here at once and the same time all the gifts, all graces contained in the one gift alone. Regardless of the need of a soul in this life, it is here he will find the assistance, the remedy, and the resources for everything. The Eucharist is a summary of all the gifts this God of mercy has given us.
Souls tried by temptation, afflicted by disgrace, troubled and wavering, the poor, the infirm, and the dying: all find comfort in this divine remedy. Pious souls who long for love are invited to approach this friend. In him they have a Friend who gives them advice, the Model of holiness, the Guide of infinite Wisdom. Numberless souls have found in him a never failing treasury which completely satisfies every want. In this sacrament Jesus is always present, always at our disposal. He is everywhere; he belongs to everyone.
All the gifts of the Eucharist are marvelous gifts. Our Lord wished to give us not only the fruits of his infinite charity but also the tree itself that bears these fruits. He gives us himself, his Heart, the source of all mercy. In giving himself he gives everything, reserving nothing to himself. He gives us his humanity with all the merits of his mortal life. He gives us his divinity with all the treasures of his wisdom, power, and goodness. There are no limits whereby we may be enriched except those we ourselves determine by our disposition and capacity.
Yet, there is more. In the Eucharist Jesus also wished to show us the love of friendship, of intimacy. He desired to dwell with us, to converse with us, to permit us to abandon ourselves to him in the most confident familiarity, such as he permitted to his apostles, especially St. John.
Indeed, the liberality of our Lord was boundless. As St. Denis says, “It seems he was beside himself in his friendship for us.” Jesus is the merchant in the gospel who sells all his possessions to acquire the one pearl he deems rare and of great value [Matthew 13:45-46]. This pearl is our poor heart. Jesus wishes to be entirely ours so that we may be entirely his. Reason would reject such a proposal if faith did not impel us to accept it.
Leo John Dehon, The Love of the Sacred Heart, Volume III, First Mystery, First Meditation
June 13, 2014
For a long time, I looked for difficulties where there are none, to honor and live the Holy Trinity. I wanted to sound the mystery. Now this devotion seems quite simple to me, it speaks to the heart. We must consider the persons distinctly.
The Father is my Creator, the author and preserver of life. To him I owe everything. He is much more my father than the one the family gives me. I want to love him with all my heart, with simplicity even with familiarity; I trust in his providence and in his mercy.
The Word, Son of God, First-born, is my eldest brother, my big brother, and how loving and devoted he is. He became man in order to be my brother even more intimately, in order to save me from shipwreck, in order to suffer and to die for me. I love my big brother; I want to listen to him, follow him, and imitate him. I want to live with him always.
The Holy Spirit is my divine director. I have always loved my directors—how much more must I love the Holy Spirit, of whom they are but shadows. Like a son, I want to consult him always and follow his counsels.
From Fr. Dehon’s Daily Notes, 1916
June 6, 2014
“Establishing a congregation was a great work,” Fr. Dehon wrote to his spiritual sons on the occasion of his seventieth birthday, “we have been working together at it for thirty-five years.” After reviewing the congregation’s beginnings that included the encouragement and assistance of many, its subsequent struggles, and the development of local apostolates, Dehon turned his thoughts to the missions.
“I have placed the foreign missions in a special category,” he wrote, “they deserve it. At the outset there were eight wonderful years of work in Ecuador, with anxieties and sufferings, but also with successes and abundant harvests. A barbarous persecution drove us out. Our ghosts from Ecuador retook the mission trail towards Congo and Brazil.
“Fifteen more years have now passed, and our fine Congo vicariate numbers 20,000 descendants of Ham [a biblical reference to Noah’s son, who is identified as the ancestor of African peoples]won over to the gospel; and in the vast regions of Brazil, both north and south, faith is reawakening, Christian families are being rebuilt, and innumerable souls are returning to the use of the sacraments.
“We had also started working in Finland, but Russia is intolerant; it is Sweden which will profit by it. And in Canada some of our members are gathering together Catholics who recently started farming new districts.”
Over 100 years later, the “mission trail” has greatly expanded. Echoing the passage from the Acts of the Apostles [2:1-11] describing the day of Pentecost, we could report to Fr. Dehon that the members of his Congregation, the Priests of the Sacred Heart, filled with the Holy Spirit, speak in different tongues as the Spirit enables them to proclaim. People from every nation under heaven hear SCJs speaking in their own language—people from Canada and Chile, Spain and South Africa, Brazil and Belgium, Philippines and Poland, Indonesia and Italy, United States and Uruguay, Argentina and Angola, France and Finland, Britain and Belarus, Ireland and India, Moldova and Mozambique, Cameroon and Chad, Venezuela and Vietnam, Albania and Austria, Congo and Croatia, Portugal and Paraguay, Maranhão and Madagascar, Slovakia and Switzerland, Germany and Ecuador, Taiwan and Luxembourg, Ukraine and Holland— speaking in their own language of the infinite love of God.
Indeed, the Priests of the Sacred Heart have been working together for 136 years, so that, in the words of the their Rule of Life [#31], “the human community, sanctified in the Holy Spirit, would become an offering pleasing to God” [cf. Romans 15:16].
May 30, 2014
I arrived in Manila on December 5, 1910. Bishop Agius welcomed us graciously at his residence. I spent three wonderful days there. Bishop Agius had a difficult assignment; he had to reorganize the clergy of the Philippines, which had been decimated by the departure of the Spaniards. There are eight million Catholics there, which make it the only Catholic nation in Asia, but there are very few priests.
Everything is made more difficult by the lack of resources. The new government confiscated the Church’s possessions. Priests are in short supply. Bishop Agius is appealing to the religious congregations, but they don’t have the resources to supply any. I went to see Bishop Petrilli. His diocese of Lipa has half a million Catholics and only seventy priests, half of whom are in poor health. The good bishop has some towns of twenty thousand souls and no priest; he finds this very distressing.
If we had limited ourselves to the city we would not have had a very accurate understanding of the Philippines. Manila is a large Spanish city of 200,000 souls. The suburbs immediately reveal the distinctive characteristics of the country: there are wealthy homes with superb gardens, but there are also poorly constructed houses that are very primitive. A couple of poles and some matting becomes a house with a roof made out of palm branches.
It is said that the population of the Philippines contains no less than 84 peoples or tribes who speak different languages. This does not make the missionaries’ work any easier. The Blacks, who number about 25,000, are probably the most primitive; they survive by hunting, and some of them live in trees. The “Maros” on the islands of Sulu and Mindanao are Muslims, and they are the most recent to arrive. The “Tagals,” who are Malaysian, are a resourceful and intelligent race; they number seven million and all of them are Catholic. If only they could become apostles for the whole of southern Asia where the Malaysian peoples are dominant!
From Fr. Leo John Dehon’s notes on his seven-month journey around the world.
May 23, 2014
“Each one has need of a counsellor, a director,” Fr. Leo John Dehon writes in the Spiritual Directory. “Does not God himself tell us to rely not on our own prudence, but to have some wise person from whom we can take counsel in all important matters? [Trust in the Lord with all your heart, and do not rely on your own insight…Do not be wise in your own eyes. Proverbs 3:5,7] All the saints, however enlightened they were in the ways of God, deemed it necessary to seek help from a director. If all the saints have acted thus, if the most eminent Fathers of the Church have set forth the necessity of this direction, shall we misunderstand its importance?
“’Choose,’ says St. Basil, ‘a counsellor who will guide you in all your ways.’ ‘As wise as you may be,’ says St. John Chrysostom, ‘you must have a counsellor, a director: God alone needs not counsel.’ ‘He who takes himself for a guide,’ says St. Bernard, ‘becomes the disciple of a fool.’ Are we wiser than the doctors and saints?”
While a seminarian in Rome, Leo Dehon chose Fr. Melchior Freyd as his spiritual director. “During a period of six years,” Fr. Dehon later wrote, “I found him always the same in his counsel, always pious, always united with God, and inspiring that union with God.”
“I first devoted myself, as everybody must do, to mental prayer or meditation, but following the counsel Fr. Freyd had given me to strive for a union with our Lord, I chose preferably subjects relating to the mysteries of our Lord.”
“On March 6, 1875, an event took place that was to have great importance in the course of my life, namely, the death of Fr. Freyd, my saintly spiritual director. He had a paternal affection for me and even a genuine friendship.”
May 16, 2014
The [Franco-Prussian] war lasted six months. It passed like a long and terrible nightmare, filled to overflowing with anguish and sufferings. My mayor [in Dehon’s home town of La Capelle] wanted to enroll me with the reserves. I was a priest; the law exempted me. However, I wanted to take whatever part I could in the defense of the Fatherland. I wrote one letter after another to my bishop to find me a place as chaplain. He wrote me that he would take care of it, but events went so fast. A few days after, the invasion came very close to us. We were, so to speak, in the theater of war. I remained there, foreseeing that I would have to exercise some of the functions of chaplain.
For a good part of this month of November, we had at La Capelle a regiment of the Army of the North, composed entirely of Northern Reserves and men from the Pas-de-Calais. I was able to act as chaplain at my leisure. Every evening, we had a religious gathering at the church. The young soldiers did not fail. They knew that they were about to confront death in a few days. I preached to them daily. The majority made their confession and received communion. A few days after, they took part in all the battles of the North: at Villers-Bretonneux, Ham, Pont-Noyelle, and Bapaume. Several lost their lives.
From Fr. Dehon’s Daily Notes
May 9, 2014
“My house shall be called the house of prayer” (Matthew 21:13). Our Lord wishes to be honored and adored in spirit and in truth, not only in the temples, churches, and chapels constructed by human hands, but above all, in the hearts of people whom he came to redeem. He wishes to take up his abode in them to obtain adoration and love, and to reign in them with his love and grace as a king in his kingdom and on his throne.
Our Lord asks for our hearts that he may reign in them. Shall we refuse them to him? “Ask and you shall receive.” When we ask, we receive. He asks for our hearts; shall he ask in vain? He asks for our hearts that they may hear and understand him, love him truly and with a pure and undivided love. He knocks at the door of our hearts with infinite patience and clemency, with an ardent desire to be admitted therein, to take possession of them and to be loved.
Can the souls that hear his prayer, that grant him the desired entrance, still doubt that they will receive all that is necessary from the infinite love and goodness of their God? Would they doubt him who wishes so earnestly to distribute his treasure, to unite himself to the hearts of his creatures, to communicate himself to them, to be loved by them, and to make them eternally happy in this love?
From the Spiritual Directory of the Priests of the Sacred Heart
May 2, 2014
Work is the sole means by which man can provide for his vital needs. The earth has the potential to satisfy those endlessly recurring needs, but its riches can only be made usable through work. Cultivation of the land, creation of industry, fishing, hunting, or gathering—all of these are forms of work. The natural riches themselves, raw materials, springs, forests, prairies, quarries, mines, and waterpower only become useful through the labor which uncovers them and utilizes them. Without work, useful or enjoyable things either would not exist or would serve no purpose.
Since the occurrence of original sin, work has taken on the character of atonement. It thus has a new value. If it is a punishment, it has become a form of reparation, a remedy, and a preservative from sin as meritorious as it is salutary.
Devoting himself for 30 years to laboring at a manual trade, and for three years to the labors of preaching, the Man-God gave true dignity to work. Thus, whether it be simply manual, intellectual, or artistic, once it is sanctified, it leads humanity to God, and it is always honorable or meritorious.
Work must be shared and apportioned. In this infinite variety of occupations, each individual can put his talents to work with greater pleasure and utility. This is the way in which professions originate. Under Christ’s reign, there is no longer any servile function; all of the honest professions are honorable, but they retain their social hierarchy: the liberal professions and the economic professions. The latter have as their object the creation of material products, their exchange, and their transport.
The various professions render reciprocal services to one another. Who will deny the happy influence of religion and morality, as taught by the priest, upon work and wealth? Who will deny the salutary effects of public power, science, the fine arts, and medicine?
Work is not only a duty for man; it is also the means by which he must provide for his subsistence, the renewal of his strength, and the resources for raising his children. But since the development of industry, the wage system has become the most widespread form of remuneration of labor. It is therefore essential that the worker find in his wage the benefits which we have just enumerated.
From Christian Social Manual, 1894, edited by the Commission on Social Studies of the Diocese of Soissons, under the Chairmanship of Fr. Leo Dehon
April 25, 2014
Anniversary of the establishment of the United States Province of the Priests of the Sacred Heart
The first Priest of the Sacred Heart who came to the United States was, in all probability, Fr. Leo John Dehon. Participation in the Eucharistic Congress, held in Montreal, occasioned the trip that took him around the world. This journey, from August 8, 1910, until March 2, 1911, was not an excessive indulgence of his passion for travel, but rather a decisive step in the internationalization of the Congregation.
A month before he began his journey he wrote to a friend saying, “I have to go on a long voyage to Canada and America. You know that we are going to begin some new works over there. The German Province is negotiating to establish a ministry in Dubuque in the United States. The French Province will start in Canada.”
Fr. Dehon spent about six weeks in the United States, visiting most of the major cities. On September 1, he records in his diary, “An excursion to Dubuque, Iowa, the Hawkeye State. This name probably is taken from an old Indian tribe. Dubuque is a minor city of 40,000. What drew me here was the prospect of starting a mission. Fr. Herr, the pastor of St. Mary’s, made the proposal that we set up a children’s home, what they call over here a training school. The bishop would donate a nice piece of land with a farm on a picturesque setting outside of town. I went to meet the good pastor of St. Mary’s. He is German and so is half the town. They are religious and industrious people. I also saw Bishop Kean. He is in poor health and too old to deal with such an important matter. We’ll see about this later on.” Despite the initial conversations, this ministry never materialized.
Only after the devastation of World War I did Fr. Mathias Fohrman, SCJ, arrive in New Jersey on December 31, 1919. His immediate purpose in coming to the United States was to collect funds for the financially strapped German Province. However, he was also to look for the opportunity to establish the Congregation on American soil. After three lonely years as the only SCJ in America, while engaging in the difficult and distasteful task of begging for money, his Superiors informed him that the Bishop of Lead, South Dakota, would welcome him to minister on the Indian reservations of his diocese.
On Palm Sunday, 1923, Fr. Fohrman took possession of the mission church in Lower Brule, South Dakota. This mission became the springboard to launch the Congregation’s efforts to establish an American identity and eventually an American Province. Only three years later, Sacred Heart Mission House and Minor Seminary in Ste. Marie, Illinois, welcomed its first three candidates. St. Joseph Indian School in Chamberlain, South Dakota, began to receive children in the fall of 1927, and by mid-1929, there was a Novitiate at Sacred Heart Monastery, Hales Corners, Wisconsin.
Surprisingly, in the spring of 1934, the fledging community received a document from Rome announcing the establishment of the American Province. According to Father Kiefer, an early SCJ pioneer in America, the community had not requested it. He later found out that when the Superior General had gone to the Vatican to present his Five-Year Report, the pope advised him to create an American Province as a precaution against the possible outbreak of war in Europe. He reasoned that dependence on Europe in a time of war would hinder the growth of the American foundation. April 25, 1934, marked the establishment of the Province. At that time the professed members of the community included 14 priests, 7 brothers, 12 students, and 4 novices, living in six community houses.
From SCJs in the USA, the Early Years, Paul J. McGuire, SCJ, adapted, and In Canada and America, Selections from Fr. Dehon’ Diary, translated by Paul J. McGuire, SCJ
APRIL 18, 2014
“In the mysteries of my Passion,” Fr. Dehon imagines Jesus telling a disciple, “I am truly a book written within and without (Revelation 5:1), and what is written there is my love.” In this meditation from the book, The Life of Love towards the Sacred Heart of Jesus, Fr. Dehon continues speaking in the person of Jesus. “The whips, the thorns, the nails have written it in letters of blood on my divine flesh. Do not be content to read and admire this divine writing on the outside. Penetrate to my very Heart and you will see a still greater marvel, which is love itself, the inexhaustible love that considers all that it suffers as nothing and which gives itself without ever tiring.
“It is the vocation of souls devoted to my Heart to strive always to discover my love under the surface of all the mysteries, and where is this more evident than in my Passion? If you do not see it there, or see it only superficially, you will draw little benefit from these great mysteries of suffering and little glory will be given to God.
“My Passion derives all its value, all its merit, not so much from my external sufferings, but from my Heart, from the love which inspired my sacrifice. I wished to endure these extraordinary sufferings in order to prove my love and to spare nothing in order to gain your love in return. Since I committed myself to my Father to suffer everything for you, I fulfilled a vow of love in all the circumstances of the Passion.”
In another mediation book, “The Love of the Sacred Heart, Three Months of Meditations,” Fr. Dehon speaks of making a return of love to Jesus, whose Heart reveals inexhaustible love. “The special purpose of the devotion to the Sacred Heart is not to imitate the Savior in his external sufferings, at least not in a direct way. The friends of the Sacred Heart do not have to impose the mortifications and terrible penances of the Desert Fathers upon themselves. Rather, they ought to strive to come close to the Sacred Heart, and as a consequence, they will be filled with loving gratitude and compassion. Dispositions such as these will prompt them to accept physical suffering generously, if Divine Providence sends it to them.
“When you have a cross, do not wish to exchange it for another; accept is as it is. Certainly, it is not against resignation to use reasonable care in the means which Divine Providence makes available and wants you to use for finding help to carry on God’s work longer and better. Respond to all that Divine Providence asks of you. Your dispositions will be perfect if you do not love suffering for the sake of suffering, nor the cross for the sake of the cross, but love the Sacred Heart of Jesus who willed to send you these sufferings or those crosses. This was the attitude of our Lord toward his Father. Ecce venio! Here I am, ready to do your will.”
APRIL 11, 2014
Leo Dehon spent six years pursuing seminary studies. His training included philosophy, in which he obtained a doctorate after his first year of study, and theology and canon law, in which he obtained doctorates during his final year of study. In between, the Franco Prussian War and Italy’s invasion of the Papal States postponed his education, while his work as a stenographer at Vatican I enriched it.
As successful as he was academically, Dehon gave prime importance to his spiritual development. Looking back on that time, he wrote, “Our Lord quickly took possession of my interior life and implanted therein certain habits that became the dominant rule of my life, despite my many failings: devotion to his Sacred Heart, humility, conformity to his will, union with him, a life of love. Such were the ideals that I tried to live all through my life.”
In his spiritual reading, he “noticed that the saints, like the members of the feudal nobility, generally had a motto that served to inspire them to spiritual combat. St. Ignatius had, ‘For the greater glory of God’ and St. Aloysius Gonzaga had, ‘What is this next to eternity?’ St. Theresa had, ‘One soul, one eternity’ and St. Francis Xavier had, ‘Conquer yourself.’ For myself, I adopted, ‘Lord, what do you want me to do?’ I could find nothing more suitable for solidifying and maintaining union with God.”
Particularly during his third year of study, a time that he considered the best period of his seminary life, Dehon responded with consistency to his chosen motto. “At every moment to do the will of God as best as I could know it” echoed throughout his diary. As he approached ordination he resolved, “not to concern myself about the future [but] to grow in sanctity now through fidelity to my rule. In the future, God will do with me what he wants. For the present God clearly asks me to be a perfect student.”
Yet, he was not without his dreams. Reflecting back on his seminary days, he wrote, “I often thought of dedicating myself to teaching, preaching, and social works. These were the leading ideas that presaged the ministry to which I was to devote myself later on.” He was careful, however, not to let his dreams obscure the grace of the present moment. “I should distrust the devil who, under the appearance of something good, distracts my prayer with thoughts of my future ministry or the vocation to a more perfect state. I should strive toward perfection in my current state.”
Keeping his attention firmly focused on his life in the seminary, he acknowledges, “The long range goal of our current work is the apostolate. God will determine the manner. The immediate goal is the sanctity of each day.” In summary, he writes, “Holiness consists in carrying out the simple actions of our state in life in union with God.”
APRIL 4, 2014
At 69 years of age, Fr. Leo John Dehon noted in his diary that he had always wanted to wear something associated with penitence, like a hair shirt, “but for the past twenty years my health obliged me to wear a brace that is both hard and embarrassing.” A year later, he continues the thought. “I see very well that it is necessary to practice mortifications, vigils, and fasting in order to arrive at contemplation. For me, these mortifications are imposed upon me by Providence: I have little sleep during the night; an infirmity obliges me to wear a painful brace; the conditions of my stomach make me undergo various privations. What remains for me to do? To profit well by all this, to supernaturalize it all, and offer it to the Sacred Heart.”
At 72, he acknowledges, “Old age has come. Fiat!” For Fr. Dehon, this single word was enough to recall the entire Latin phrase, meaning, Let it be done to me according to God’s word. He continues, “All is well when God wills it. Two religious communities asked me to preach their retreat for them. I cannot do that anymore. Chronic bronchitis often makes me cough up blood. I can no longer give retreats, where I must speak four times everyday for eight days! It hurts to be forced to refuse the exercise of the apostolate. I want so much to work for the reign of our Lord!”
After one particularly stressful night, he soberly admits, “My life is not going to last much longer. I thought I was dying last night. I had a violent attack of bronchitis, without being able to break up the congestion. I was suffocating, I was strangled. I believe little more was needed and it all would have been finished. The infirmities of old age are a daily reminder. All the organs weaken. It is a worn out ship that will sink one of these days.” Yet, Fr. Dehon lived ten years longer.
His last year of earthly life began “with some sufferings: a fall, a bad sprain, a general over-fatigue. Why not? Have I not much to expiate before ending my life; and have I not offered myself as victim to the Sacred Heart for his reign and for souls?” Although his tired body prayed with Paul, “I want to be gone and be with Christ” [Philippians 1:23], he immediately felt the presence of temptation. “Could that perhaps be an illusion; could I lose my heaven?” Yet just as quickly he professed, “I do not believe it. Most Sacred Heart of Jesus, I trust in you!”
MARCH 28, 2014
Fr. Leo John Dehon, founder of the Priests of the Sacred Heart, cherished his spiritual life, but not to the degree that it separated him from everyday life. Indeed, his spiritual life motivated him to address the pressing needs of his day.
Writing in his diary in 1891, he admitted “some joy in fighting in order to make our Lord rule in souls; in taking up, directing, consoling, leading a campaign and pursuing a plan to establish the reign of love of the Sacred Heart. What is needed is to give oneself, to fight, to go to the people, and act as if everything depended upon us. Only then will God help us and act as only He knows how.”
Looking back 25 years later, Dehon filled in the details of “going to the people.” (The text in brackets spells out Fr. Dehon’s shorthand descriptions.)
“In memory, I again go over my whole participation in the Christian social movement. It was a vocation, a providential mission. In 1872, I founded the Patronage [St. Joseph Youth Club]. To it, I added successively the Circle [Catholic Workers’ Circle], the Association of Christian Employers, and a meeting for social studies [Catholic Youth Circle].
“I promoted beautiful Congresses [sponsored by the diocesan Social Services Office]: in 1875 at Notre Dame de Liesses, in 1876 at St. Quentin, and in 1878 at Soisson. I attended the Congresses of the Workers Movements. For several years we had diocesan meetings for social studies at Soisson, at St. Quentin, and at Laon. Out of them sprung the Christian Social Manual, which received great publicity and sold more than 10,000 copies.
“In 1893, diocesan meetings at Liesse! For ten years, annual meetings [of seminarians] for study at Val-des-Bois [site of a textile factory, which Dehon proposed as a model for positive social initiatives], where I was often. Throughout 1896, meetings at St. Quentin, a Workers Congress at Reims, a National Congress, and Ecclesiastical Meetings! A Democratic Congress at Lyons.
“In 1897, 1898, and 1899, conferences at Rome, honored by the presence of several Cardinals and encouraged by Pope Leo XIII. I published these conferences in several volumes: Social Catechism, Christian Restoration, and Pontifical Directions. Several of these volumes have been translated into Italian, Arabic, Hungarian, and Portuguese. They became classics in several seminaries of France and Italy. Additionally in 1897, conferences at Mende, Allais, Nimes. In 1900, a Congress at Cahors, a Franciscan Congress at Rome, and a Congress at Bourges.
“Practice worked hand in hand with theory. The projects of St. Quentin continued. They were reproduced in suburban parishes by priests whom I had trained. At Val-de-Bois in particular, by my collaboration with Mr. Harmel [the factory owner] over a period of thirty years and in Brazil for twenty years with the Christian employers of Camaragibe.
“In this entire apostolate, I saw only an uplifting of the humble and the little ones according to the spirit of the Gospel. The Catholic Social Movement and the reign of the Sacred Heart have been two great missions, which Providence assigned to me—a role which I filled very feebly.”
Daily Notes 1916, Fr. Leo John Dehon
MARCH 21, 2014
“I was baptized on March 24 (1843), on which were prayed the First Vespers of the feast of the Annunciation. Later I was happy to connect the memory of my baptism with that of our Lord’s Ecce Venio. I drew forth a great confidence from this coincidence. The Ecce Venio of the Heart of Jesus has protected and blessed my entrance into the Christian life. Our Lord doubtlessly will not begrudge my seeing here a mark of Providence, considering my actual vocation of Priest-Victim of the Heart of Jesus.
“I have always had a ceremony on the anniversary of my baptism. In college, I liked to renew the promises. At Rome, the wonderful book of Exercises of St. Gertrude came into my possession and did me much good. I loved to use it, to renew in myself the graces of my baptism. On every one of my vacations, I used to make a pious pilgrimage to the sacred font of my baptism and felt an anguish of heart when the old urn was concealed by an altar and then disappeared completely.
“I was given the name of Leo Gustave. I loved my saintly patrons and for thirty years I have invoked them daily. For patrons I took St. Leo the Great, whom I consider the most powerful among the saints bearing this name, and St. Augustine, because the name of Gustave is not the name of a saint but only a derivative of Augustine. How happy I am to have such noble and great patrons, two of the greatest doctors of the Church! I hope they will later receive me as a friend; I have so often shown them marks of friendship and confidence.
“It seems to me that I received many graces from them. I read their lives with great enjoyment and edification, especially that of St. Augustine. In St. Leo I love above all, his great theological doctrine, his beautiful style, charm and dignity; in St. Augustine his penitence and his tears, which I would like to make my own, his great heart, and his ardent love for our Lord.”
Notes on the History of My Life, First Notebook, Fr. Leo John Dehon
MARCH 14, 2014
In his personal journals, Fr. Leo John Dehon often used the anniversary of his birth to focus on his faults and to accuse himself of losing so many graces. His only recourse was to ask for forgiveness and rely completely upon God’s mercy and friendship. In 1913, however, he allowed a somewhat more positive reflection.
“The Holy Father has sent me his congratulations and his blessing for my 70th birthday. This is too great an honor for a little nothing, and a less than nothing like me. Everything is being readied for the end, which is not far off. Here is a copy of the letter from the Secretary of State:
‘Very Reverend General Superior, it has pleased his Holiness to learn that the members of the Congregation that you founded in 1877 have proposed to celebrate the 70th anniversary of your birth and to offer you on this occasion a special testimony of their affection and devotion.
‘The Sovereign Pontiff, who is not unaware of your zeal, your dedication, and the works that you have established, most willingly unites himself to the joy of your religious family, while he calls down abundant heavenly graces on your person, your Institute, and your works. With all his heart he sends you, together with his congratulations and best wishes, a special Apostolic Blessing, which extends to the members of your Congregation.
‘Kindly accept, Very Reverend General Superior, with my congratulations and my personal wishes, the assurance of my devoted sentiments in our Lord. Cardinal Merry de Val.’
“In the Congregation they will pray for me, this is what I appreciate most. The Councilors have sent our houses a circular letter, which invites our members to make March 14 a day of prayer and thanksgiving. The priests are invited to say Holy Mass for my intentions; the others will offer Holy Communion. Thanks be to God! I have such a great need for the mercy of the Sacred Heart!”
